Ico Ubutwari Bwa Col Makanika Buvuze mu Karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari

Colonel Makanika yasize ibyo yari afite byose muri leta ya Congo (umwanya, umushahara, n'ibindi) kugira ngo arinde ubwoko bwe kurimburwa.

Colonel Michel Rukunda Makanika

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“Tuzarwanira uburengenzira bwacu kugenza ku mutonyi wa nyuma w'amaraso yacu,” Col Makanika.

Nyuma yo kwiheba, gucika intege, no kubura aho berekera bitewe n'intambara, kwicwa, gusenyerwa, no gusahurwa kw'Abanyamulenge, Colonel Michel Rukunda wamenyekanye kw'izina rya Makanika wo mu bwoko bw'Abanyamulenge yababajwe n'ibi bikorwa by’indengakamere, maze ahitamo guta umwanya we muri leta ya Congo ndetse asiga n’urugo rwe kugira ngo aje gutabara abaturage bo mu bwoko bwe bari bageze aharindimuka. Twahisemo gukoresha izina Makanika.

Bimwe mu byo yarutishije kurengera ubwoko bwe

Biragoye gushira mu magambo agaciro k’ibintu Col Makanika yataye kugira ngo aje kurengera ubwoko bwe. Ariko nanone kugira ngo ibyo iyi ntwari yakoze bidateshwa agaciro, twagerageje kubivuga nubwo amagambo yo kubisobanura adahagije.

Yatanze amaraso ye

Ikintu gikomeye umuntu yovuga Col Makanika yirengagije muri iki gikorwa c'ubutwari budasanzwe n’ubuzima bwe. Iyi ntabwo ari iyo ncuro ya mbere abikoze, yuko amaze imyaka mu gisirikare kandi yarwanye intambara nyinshi. Ntabwo ariwe wenyine winjiye igisirikare, yuko hariho n'abandi benshi bo mu bwoko bwe bakirimo, ndetse n'abandi benshi bahasize ubuzima bwabo barengera ubwoko bwabo. Muri iyi nkuru, twashatse gutinda ku gikorwa co gutoroka igisikare.

Hari inkuru n'ibiganiro byinshi byatambutse hirya no hino kw’isi bivuga kw'itoroka rya Col Makanika. Hari ibitekerezo twagiye dusoma byatanzwe kuri izo nkuru, aho wasangaga abantu bamwe na bamwe bashaka kumukuraho ubutwari, bagashaka ngo havugwe kandi hashimwe Imana yonyine. Imana ikoresha abantu kandi abo bantu ntiboreka gushimirwa iyo bagaragaje ubutwari buruta ubw’abandi cangwa se iyo Imana ibakoreyemo. Gushima umuntu nta kibi mbibonamo. Mu mateka y'abemera Imana, nta ntwari Imana yakoresheje abantu baretse kuvuga ibigwi ngo nuko ari umuntu. Imana ifite umwanya wayo wihariye idasangiye n'umuntu. Imana n'Imana, intwari n'intwari.

Col Makanika yongeye gutanga amaraso ye kuri iyi ncuro kugira ngo arengere ubwoko bwe. Ntiyagiye gukina muri iriya misozi, nkuko bamwe bashakaga kugaragaza yuko yagiye gukanga abarwanyi ba Mai Mai no kwereka Perezida Tshisekedi ko ubwoko bwe bw'Abanyamulenge bukeneye ubutabazi. Col Makanika asobanukiwe n'imbaraga z'urusasu, ndetse ko rudatora uwo rwica. Azi uburemere bw'intambara yagiyemo. Ntabwo yatumwe n'abantu kuja kwiyerekana no kugaragaza ikibazo ubwoko bw'Abanyamulenge bufite muri Congo.

Yasize umuryango we

Bidatewe nuko ari umugabo utuzuza inshingano ze nk'umugabo w'urugo, Col Makanika ntabwo uburemere bw'umuryango we bwamubujije gutabara ubwoko bwe. Uwavuga ko yarutishije umuryango we ubwoko bwe ntaba agiye kure n'ukuri. Hari abahamya yuko atigeze anasezera umuryango we.

Yasize umwanya we mu ngabo za Congo n'umushahara yahabwaga

Col Makanika yari umuyobozi wungirije w'ikigo c'imyitozo ca gisirikare citwa Bawa kiri i Walikale, mu ntara ya Kivu ya ruguru. Nubwo yari afite ipete rya colonel, ariko uyu mwanya yari arimo uhabwa abasirikare bari ku rwego rwa general. Hari ingero nyinshi z'abayobozi b'ibigo nk'ibi muri Congo bafite amapete ya general. Bivuze yuko Col Makanika yari ku rwego rwa general nubwo ipete rye ryari rizwi ari colonel. Abazi uko imyanya itangwa mu gisirikare ca Congo, bavuga yuko Col Makanika yari afite amahirwe menshi yo kubona ipete rya general mu gihe kitari kinini cane iyo aza kuba ataratorotse igisikare.

Ninde utagereranya gutoroka igisirikare uri muri uru rwego nk'igikorwa c'ubutwari budasanzwe? Ninde watesha agaciro iki gikorwa? Yari mu mwanya mwiza, yari afite icubahiro, ariko ahitamo gusiga ibyo n'ibindi tutazi ku bw'inyungu zo kurengera ubwoko bwe bwari bugeze aharindimuka. Ibi umuntu yabigereranya n'ubutwari Mose yagaragaje ubwo yangaga kwitwa umwana w'umukobwa wa Farawo, ahubwo akemera kubabazanywa n'ubwoko bwe (Abaheburayo 11:24-25).

Nyuma yo gusiga icubahiro, Col Makanika yasize umushahara we. Uyu mugabo yahembwaga amafaranga angana n'ayo uwungirije umuyobozi w'intara ya gisirikare ahembwa. Byumvikane yuko yahembwaga amafaranga atari make.

Hamwe n'ibindi byinshi bitavuzwe, ico itoroka rya Col Makanika rivuze ku bwoko bw'Abanyamulenge ni uko babonye ubutabazi buva ku mwana wabo. Igisirikare ca Congo kirimo Abanyamulenge benshi, ariko mu gihe gisa nk'iki, mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wa 2020, Col Makanika niwe witanze yemera gusiga ibindi byose inyuma aja kubabaranywa n'ubwoko bwe. Tubibutse yuko yasanzeyo abandi ku rugamba rwo kwirwanaho, bazwi nka Twirwaneho, bagizwe n'abaturage, bari bamaze imyaka (byibuze guhera mu kwezi kwa kane muri 2017) birwanaho ngo ubwoko bw'Abanyamulenge butibagirana muri gakondo yabwo, ahazwi nko mu misozi mire mire y'i Mulenge, mu ntara ya Kivu y'epfo, aha akaba ari mu burasirazuba bwa Congo.

Ico itoroka rya Col Makanika rivuze ku gihugu ca Congo

Abayobozi ba Congo bamaze kumenya yuko Col Makanika yatorotse igisirikare akaja kwifatanya n'abaturage bo mu bwoko bwe kwirwanaho, habayeho kwikanga, dore ko iyi ntwari izwiho ubutwari budasanzwe. Itoroka rye ryaciye igikuba abayobozi ba gisirikare ndetse no mu zindi nzego z'ubuyobozi mu gihugu.

Ijambo rya Perezida Felix Tshisekedi i Londres, mu Bwongereza

Itoroka rya Col Makanika ryamenyekanye mu ntangiriro z'ukwezi kwa mbere, muri uyu mwaka wa 2020. Byakomeje guhwihwiswa ko yatorotse igisirikare, ariko ubwe aza kubyemeza ku ma radiyo mpuzamahanga arimo Ijwi ry'Amerika (VOA), ishamyi ry’Ikinyarwanda/Ikirundi ndetse n'Igiswahili.

Nyuma yo guhamya ko Col Makanika yatorotse igisirikare ce, hari abahamije yuko iri toroka ariryo ryatumye Perezida Tshisekedi, mu nama yahuzaga ibihugu bya Afurika n'u Bwongereza i Londres, ku minsi 20 y'ukwezi kwa mbere, 2020, abwira Abanyekongo batuye muri iki gihugu (diaspora) ko badakwiriye kwanga Abanyamulenge, ko ari Abanyekongo kimwe nabo. Yongeraho ko ubwo yari i Beni, yahasanze abasirikare bo bwoko bw'Abanyamulenge bari bakomerekeye ku rugamba ingabo za Congo zari zihanganyemo n'imitwe y'inyeshamba muri kariya gace k'igihugu.

Tubibutse yuko iri jambo rya Perezida Tshisekedi ryarushijeho gutera umwuka mubi mu Banyekongo bamwe badakozwa ko Abanyamulenge ari Abanyekongo nkabo, bo bavuga ko ahubwo ari abimukira bakomoka mu gihugu c'u Rwanda, ko bakwiriye gusubizwa iwabo.

Hagati aho, tubibutse yuko abaturage bo mu bwoko bw'Abanyamulenge bakorerwa ibi bikorwa byo kwicwa, gutwikirwa no gusahurwa, bakomeje kurega leta ya Congo kubigiramo uruhare. Byagiye bivugwa kenshi yuko ingabo za Congo zagaragaye incuro nyinshi zishigikira inyeshamba za Mai Mai kugera ku ntego yabo, ariyo kwirukana Abanyamulenge muri Congo binyuze mu kubanyaga inka zabo bo kubica. Ku rugero, hari igihe ingabo za Congo zagaragaye zifasha Mai Mai kunyaga inka z'Abanyamulenge.

Impagarara mu mitwe ya Mai Mai

Itoroka rya Makanika kandi ryateje impagarara mu mitwe ya Mai Mai ikorera mu burasirazuba bw'igihugu. Tubibutse yuko izi nyeshamba zigizwe ahanini n'amoko y'Ababembe, Abapfurero n'Abanyintu mu mugambi wabo mubisha wo kurimbura Abanyamulenge n'ibyabo. Tubibutse kandi yuko iyi mitwe ifatikanyije n'imitwe yo mu bihugu bituranyi by'u Burundi, nka RED-Tabara, FNL-Palipehutu, ndetse na FOREBU. Iyi mitwe y'Abarundi ikaba irwanya ubutegetsi bwa Nkurunziza mu Burundi.

Byavuzwe yuko iyi mitwe ishigikiye Mai Mai kwirukana Abanyamulenge mu gihugu cabo kugira ngo babone aho bategurira intambara yabo yo gufata u Burundi. Ibinyamakuru bitandukanye, abaturage b'i Mulenge, ndetse n'abayobozi mu karere bakomeje kuvuga yuko iyi mitwe yose ishigikiwe n'igihugu c'u Rwanda. Bikaba kandi bivugwa yuko muri kano gace ko mu burasirazuba bwa Congo harimo n’imitwe irwanya u Rwanda, cane cane FDLR n’abibumbiye mu mutwe uzwi nka P5.

Ico itoroka rya Col Makanika rivuze mu karere k'ibiyaga bigari

Bikimara kumenyekana yuko Makanika yatorotse igisirikare ca Congo akaja gutabara ubwoko bwe bw'Abanyamulenge bwari mu kaga ko kurimburwa, umwuka mu karere wahise uhinduka. Uku kubura amahoro mu banyapolitike mu karere kwagaragariye mu binyamakuru byandikirwa mu karere, cane cane ibyo mu Rwanda, birimo Igihe na Rushyashya. Ibi binyamakuru byihutiyeho kugaragaza impungenge byatewe n'itoroka rya Makanika, aho byahise byandika inkuru bivuga yuko Makanika yagiye kuyobora Gumino ndetse agamije kwifatanya n'umutwe wa P5 wa Kayumba Nyamwasa muri gahunda yo guhungabanya umutekano w'u Rwanda. Iki kinyoma caje kubeshuzwa na bimwe mu binyamakuru byandikwa n'Abanyamulenge ndetse na Col Makanika ubwe abinyujije kuri radiyo mpuzamahanga y'Ijwi ry'Amerika.

Tubibutse yuko ubwo Abanyamulenge batangiraga kwicwa, gusenyerwa, no gusahurwa, ibi binyamakuru bitigeze bibatabariza. Ibi byagaragaje ko ibi binyamakuru bitari bishimishijwe no gutabarwa kwabo.

Icateje urujijo n'ukuntu radiyo Itahuka ikorera muri Washington, D.C., yifashishije umurongo wayo wa YouTube, yaje gutangaza yuko Col Makanika atagiye gutabara ubwoko bw'Abanyamulenge, ko ahubwo yatumwe n'u Rwanda kwica Abanyamulenge. Tubibutse yuko iyi radiyo ari iya RNC (Rwanda National Congress), umutwe wa politike urwanya leta y’i Kigali ya Kagame ukorera mu buhungiro uyobowe n'abarimo Kayumba Nyamwasa. Ibi kandi byaje guteshwa agaciro n'Abanyamulenge ndetse na Makanika ubwe.

Ikindi kintu kigaragaza yuko akarere kahungabanyijwe n'itoroka rya Col Makanika, ni uko nyuma y'ibi bihuha ko yagiye mu mugambi atitangarije ubwe, ikinyamakuru Igihe nanone ku minsi 22 y’ukwezi kwa mbere, mu mwaka wa 2020, congeye gusohora inkuru y'ikinyoma ivuga ko Col Aaron Nyamushebwa, nawe wo mu bwoko bw'Abanyamulenge, yatorotse igisirikare ca Congo agasanga mugenzi we Makanika mw'ishamba. Iyi nkuru yamaganiwe kure n'ibinyamakuru birimo Imurenge.com yifashishije ijwi ry'ikiganiro yagiranye na Nyamushebwa ubwe. Igihe imaze kubona inkuru ya Imurenge.com yagize ikimwaro ihita ibeshuza inkuru yayo y'ikinyoma.

Byagaragaye yuko inkuru y'ikinyoma y'itoroka rya Col Nyamushebwa Igihe yayikuye ku rubuga bivugwa ko rwandikwaho n'abantu bo mu bwoko bw'Ababembe (banga Abanyamulenge cane) rwitwa Kivu Press. Umuntu yakwibaza niba hari isano riri hagati ya Igihe na Kivu Press mu mugambi wo gukwirakwiza amakuru y'ibinyoma ashishikariza irimburwa ry'Abanyamulenge.

Nyuma ikinyamakuru Bwiza, kugeza ubu tutaramenya aho candikirwa (bivugwa ko naco candikirwa mu Rwanda nubwo nta gihamya tubifitiye), canditse inkuru y'ikinyoma ku minsi 5 y’ukwezi kwa kabiri, mu mwaka wa 2020, kivuga yuko hari umujenerali wo mu bwoko bw'Abanyamulenge wo mu mutwe wa Gumino wafatiwe ku rugamba. Ibi byose n'ibimenyetso by'ihungabana mu karere k'ibiyaga bigari ryatewe n'itoroka rya Col Makanika wagiye kurengera ubwoko bwe kugira ngo bwe kurimbuka.

Amakuru dufitiye gihamya ni uko, nyuma yo kwicwa, gutwikirwa, no gusahurwa bikabije, abaturage bo mu bwoko bw'Abanyamulenge bitwa Twirwaneho basubijwemo imbaraga mu buryo budasanzwe n'itoroka rya Col Makanika, mu gihe imitwe twavuze haruguru imaze imyaka ikorera Abanyamulenge ibi bikorwa bigayitse yacitse intege mu buryo budasubirwaho. Ibi bitanga icizere ku bwoko bw'Abanyamulenge, icizere co kongera kubaho.

Fidele Sebahizi

PhD Student

Criminal Justice: Homeland Security

Helms School of Government

Liberty University, Virginia, United States

fidele.sebahizi@gmail.com